Romania and Bulgaria Officially Join Schengen Zone

Romania and Bulgaria officially became full members of the Schengen Area on January 1, 2025, completing their integration into Europe’s free-travel zone. This milestone follows the removal of air and sea border controls in March 2024, marking the final step in their Schengen accession process.

What This Expansion Means for the EU

With the inclusion of Romania and Bulgaria, the Schengen Area now covers 26 of the EU’s 27 member states, leaving only Ireland outside the agreement. The zone also extends to four non-EU countries: Iceland, Norway, Switzerland, and Liechtenstein. This expansion is expected to strengthen regional trade, tourism, and cooperation across Europe, further solidifying the EU’s internal market.

The Growth of the Schengen Agreement over Time

Since its creation in 1985 by five European nations, the Schengen Area has evolved into the world’s largest free-travel zone, benefiting over 450 million EU citizens and legally residing non-EU nationals. In addition to facilitating free movement, the system supports unified security measures, such as shared information systems, joint police operations, and a common visa policy.

Strengthening Regional Connectivity and Security

Romania and Bulgaria’s integration into the Schengen Zone will largely enhance connectivity within the EU, simplify cross-border movement, and improve trade opportunities. With shared platforms and coordinated security measures, this expansion also reinforces the region's safety and efficiency, aligning with the EU’s vision of an "area of freedom, security, and justice."